Williamson Turn, Anderson Turn and Scharnow Turn for MOB
Step-by-step Williamson, Anderson and Scharnow turn procedures for man overboard recovery, with IAMSAR’s immediate, delayed and person-missing situations.
Steering & Maneuvering
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Turning Circle of a Ship: Parts, IMO Limits and Key Factors
How a ship’s turning circle works: advance, transfer, tactical diameter, the three phases of a turn, IMO MSC.137(76) limits and factors such as shallow water.
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What Is Ship Squat? Causes, Formula and How to Calculate It
What ship squat is, why ships sink and trim in shallow water, how to calculate squat with Barrass’s formula, and why reducing speed is the best defence.
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Wheel Over Point: Formula, Wheel Over Line and Turn Radius
How to calculate a ship’s wheel over point and wheel over line, with the formula, a worked example, rate-of-turn table and ECDIS turn radius settings.
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What Is the Pivot Point of a Ship? Position, Formula and Use
Where a ship’s pivot point lies when stopped, going ahead and astern, why it moves, how to calculate it, and what it means for tugs, thrusters and wind.
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Steering a Ship: Meaning, Helm Orders and How It Is Done
What it means to steer a ship, how the rudder turns her, standard helm orders and hand steering technique, plus steering modes and the pivot point explained.